A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

What does assortative mating refer to in the context of Van Leeuwen et al's study?

1. People with different traits typically marry

2. People with similar genes or characteristics mate more frequently

3. People are chosen for mating based on social status

4. People marry primarily for wealth accumulation

The correct answer is: People with similar genes or characteristics mate more frequently

Assortative mating refers to the phenomenon where individuals with similar traits, characteristics, or genotypes mate more frequently than would be expected by chance. In the context of Van Leeuwen et al's study, this concept is crucial because it highlights the patterns of mate selection that can influence genetic diversity and the prevalence of certain traits within a population. The study likely explores how social and genetic factors drive these mating preferences, leading to clusters of similar phenotypic traits within families or groups. This concept is not just about genetics; it can also apply to other characteristics, such as educational background, social status, or interests. However, the focus in this scenario is on the genetic or characteristic similarities that drive individuals to choose mates who are alike. In contrast, the other choices focus on variance in traits, social hierarchy, or financial motives for marriage, which don't align with the definition and implications of assortative mating in the study.