Understanding Chaney et al.'s Repeated Measures Design in A Level Psychology

What design did Chaney et al (2004) utilize in their experiment?

• A. Between-subjects design
• B. Repeated measures design
• C. Longitudinal design
• D. Cross-sectional design

Answer: (B)

Chaney et al. (2004) utilized a repeated measures design in their experiment. This design involves using the same participants in all conditions of the experiment, allowing for direct comparison of outcomes within the same individuals. By employing this method, researchers can control for participant variables such as individual differences in response to treatments or interventions, thereby increasing the reliability of the results. In the context of Chaney et al.'s research, this design was particularly effective because it allowed the researchers to assess changes in behavior or attitudes (in this case, related to the use of an asthma inhaler) across different conditions administered to the same group, enhancing the internal validity of their findings. Such a structure can reveal how participants respond over time to the same stimulus, offering deeper insights into behavioral changes.

When diving into psychology, especially for your A Level OCR exam, one of the experiments that can really illuminate your understanding is the study by Chaney et al. (2004). Now, if you're scratching your head over what kind of design they used in their research, I’ve got the scoop for you: it’s a repeated measures design. But what does that mean, and why should you care? Let’s break it down in a friendly chat!

What’s a Repeated Measures Design Anyway?

You know what? Repeated measures design is pretty much a favorite among researchers, especially in psychology. Why? Because it lets scientists look at the same group of participants under different conditions. Imagine you're testing a new recipe for cookies—using the same batch of ingredients helps you figure out what went wrong (or right) without mixing up your variables, right? Similarly, Chaney et al. tested the effects of an inhaler on the same group of children with asthma to see how their behavior and attitudes changed.

The Beauty of Internal Validity

One of the coolest parts of the repeated measures approach is how it boosts internal validity. What’s that, you ask? Well, internal validity refers to how well you can be sure that the results of an experiment are due to the treatment itself, rather than some outside noise. In Chaney et al.'s study, using the same kids across different conditions meant that the results were more reliable. Any differences in how the children used the inhaler were directly linked to the treatment they received, not some quirky personality traits they'd individually have.

Enhancing Insights Into Behavioral Changes

Now, let's talk about behavioral changes. With Chaney et al.’s experiment, which looked at children's reactions to asthma inhalers, the repeated measures design allowed them to see how attitudes shifted. Picture this: you ask a kid about their inhaler before and after giving them a fun asthma inhaler with cool features. If you had different kids for each question, you might get all sorts of unpredictable answers. But asking the same kids brings clarity to how their opinions change over time. It’s a bit like watching your favorite TV show unfold—you can see character development happen in real-time.

But Wait, There's More!

If you’re preparing for your A Level exams, understanding these designs isn’t just academic fluff. It gives you a competitive edge, especially when discussing various studies or critiquing methods in essays. Remember, examiners love to see you weave in knowledge about study designs—it shows depth of understanding and critical thinking. Plus, thinking in terms of research design helps in understanding future psychological studies, which is handy for your exams and beyond.

In conclusion, Chaney et al.'s work is a fantastic jumping-off point for grasping key experimental designs. Next time someone quizzes you on research methods, you can confidently say that a repeated measures design is about keeping the same participants in the game to get the clearest picture of how interventions work.

So, as you gear up for your A Level Psychology OCR exams, keep this design in your toolkit. It’ll be useful come exam day—and hey, you’ll impress your friends (and teachers) with your knowledge!