A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

How does Van Leeuwen et al describe gene-environment interaction?

1. As a process where environment shapes behavior solely

2. As the theory that certain environments activate particular genes

3. As a method for gene editing

4. As a way to measure environmental impact on genetics

The correct answer is: As the theory that certain environments activate particular genes

In the context of gene-environment interaction, Van Leeuwen et al. describe it as the theory that certain environments can activate specific genes. This understanding highlights the dynamic interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental factors, suggesting that genetics is not solely deterministic. Instead, certain environmental conditions can either enhance or inhibit the expression of particular genes, thereby influencing behavior and development. This perspective is pivotal in fields such as psychology and behavioral genetics, as it underscores the complexity of how traits are manifested, moving beyond a simplistic nature versus nurture debate to a more integrated interactionist view that recognizes the influence of context and surroundings on genetic expression.